After which the module automatically sends 8 cycles of 40 KHz ultrasound signal and checks its echo. A pulse is sent for about 10us to trigger the module. The ultrasonic sensor module works on the natural phenomenon of ECHO of sound. The sensor module consists of ultrasonic transmitter, receiver and the control circuit. Ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04 is used to measure distance in range of 2cm-400cm with accuracy of 3mm. You can also check this simple water level indicator circuit for a simpler version of this project. This concept is used in our water controller project where the water motor pump is automatically turned on when water level in the tank becomes low. And after some calculation we can get a result that is the distance. So we have to only calculate its traveling time of both sounds means outgoing time and returning time to origin after striking on any obstacle. When sound waves are transmitted in environment then they return back to the origin as ECHO after striking on any obstacle. Basic principal of ultrasonic distance measurement is based on ECHO. In this Arduino based automatic water level indicator and controller project we are going to measure the water level by using ultrasonic sensors.
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